Methods Of Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy medications can be given intravenously (into a vein), by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection (a shot into the muscle or under the skin), or orally (by mouth). Which method you use will mostly depend on the type of cancer you have and the type of chemotherapy you are given.

By intravenous injection (IV)

Chemotherapy is most commonly given by dripping medicine through a tube into a vein. This is called intravenous or IV injection. A pre-measured amount of the chemotherapy medication is given through the IV tubing. Medications to control nausea or vomiting can be given to you at the same time as the chemotherapy medications.

Usually a thin needle is inserted into a vein in your lower arm or hand at the beginning of each treatment and removed at the end of the session. An IV session can last from 15 minutes to three hours or longer, depending on the chemotherapy medication and the dose you are receiving. The treatment should not normally be painful. Tell your nurse or doctor if you feel a coolness, burning or any other unusual sensation where the needle is inserted while receiving the IV injection. Let them know if you feel any discomfort.

You may receive an IV injection at the hospital, a clinic or at home. You can read, watch TV or listen to music while you sit in a comfortable chair.

Chemotherapy may also be given through a catheter or port. Sometimes a needle cannot be easily inserted into the hand or arm. If this is the case, you may have a temporary plastic tube inserted into your chest, arm or leg. This is called a catheter. Having a catheter means you will not need to have a needle inserted for every chemotherapy session. The medications can be given or blood samples taken through the catheter. Usually, having a catheter or port is not painful. You don't need to worry about the catheter coming out with a jerk or an average pull. You should be able to move around as normal. The catheter will be removed once treatment is completed.

By injection

Chemotherapy can sometimes be injected with a needle and a syringe into a muscle, under the skin, or directly into a cancerous area on the skin. This may be done in your doctor's office or at a clinic. Many people are able to return home or go back to work shortly after their injection.

By mouth (orally)

Oral chemotherapy sometimes comes in the form of pills, capsules or liquids that can be swallowed. You will be able to take this type of chemotherapy at home or at work. Even if you are taking your chemotherapy at home, you will be asked to see your doctor for regular visits. Your doctor will check the tumour's response so it can be monitored for changes.

Sometimes, you may need to take more than one medication. If you think that you may get confused about when to take your medications, ask your doctor or pharmacist to set up a reminder system for you.

Knowing the details of your chemotherapy treatment is important. Find out more about the frequency of your treatment, how it works and why some people experience side effects.